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15 Types of Heavy Mining Equipment and Their Functions

15 Types of Heavy Mining Equipment and Their Functions

Mining areas are large-scale industries that require special equipment to handle heavy work. If you are in a mining area or project, You will see many large mining equipment busy operating or going back and forth doing certain jobs.

Mining tools are designed for work involving large and heavy materials, and face a challenging work environment. The use of tools or vehicles with special components and large amounts of power aims to ensure efficiency and safety at every stage of the work.

There are several types of heavy equipment that are generally operated in mining areas, for example like wheel loader, excavator, crane, dump truck, and many others. Each mining tool has its own function to carry out tasks, starting from excavation, material transportation, etc

With different functions and ways of working, The use of heavy equipment must be adjusted to the needs in the field. Through this article, We invite you to get to know the types of mining equipment and their functions in the mining industry.

1. Wheel Loader

Wheel loader is one of the heavy equipment that plays an important role in increasing work productivity at mining sites. This mining tool is specifically designed to do the job, like loading, lift, and move various types of materials.

Heavy equipment wheel loader has several main components, among them bucket, cab, lift arm, Lift Cylinder, dump cylinder, Tilt Lever, and tires. Bucket big on the front makes it possible wheel loader digging and moving materials such as ore, pasir, and coal.

Function wheel loader in mining is to load the material taken into the transport truck. With bucket large capacity, This tool can load large amounts of material efficiently. This tool is also used to form piles of mining material and clear work areas of debris or stones.

How it works wheel loader done by moving lift arm and bucket. When you want to load material, operator will lower bucket to the surface of the ground and dig up the material. After bucket filled and lifted, operators use tilt lever to tilt the bucket and dump the load into the truck.

2. Excavator

Excavator is one of the important heavy equipment in the mining industry. With a functional design and efficient hydraulic system, Excavators function as the main tool in various excavation work and moving or transporting materials.

This heavy equipment has main components form boom, arm and bucket. This tool is generally equipped with a chain wheel or track shoes which provides stability and the ability to move in difficult terrain. There are also types of excavators that use rubber wheels, as in wheeled excavator.

With varying sizes, Excavators can be used for small jobs in limited areas to large projects on mining sites. The main functions of excavators in the mining industry include, the task of digging the ground, loading material, dismantle the building, to create a slope on the ground or road.

How an excavator works relies heavily on the hydraulic system that supports movement boom and bucket to dig or dredge material. The excavator can move forward or backward in the mining area using track shoes. Besides that, The excavator is also capable of turning 360 degrees without the need to move all the physical equipment.

With this ability, Excavators are a tool that is very reliable in completing heavy tasks at mining sites. Using an excavator can help speed up the process of digging and moving materials efficiently.

3. Bucket Wheel Excavator

Bucket wheel excavator is heavy equipment designed to dig and move large amounts of material quickly and effectively. This tool can be used to dig large materials such as soil, pasir, coal, and others. In open pit mining operations, This tool can extract material from underground layers efficiently.

This mining tool has the main components consisting of: bucket wheel, boom, conveyor belt, and undercarriage. Bucket wheel excavator has a bucket-shaped wheel at the end of the push arm. Each bucket The wheels are equipped with shell teeth which function to dig and transport material from the surface of the ground or mine.

Main function bucket wheel excavator is to excavate material from the surface of the ground or mine. Besides that, This mining tool also functions to move material to conveyor belt or other transport vehicle, cleaning and leveling the mine area, and digging tunnels.

The way this tool works relies on a sophisticated hydraulic and mechanical system. The excavation process is carried out using several methods, that is terrace cut (cuts the surface in a forward direction), dropping cut (cut the surface downwards), and combination cut (combination between terrace cut at the top of the layer and dropping cut on the bottom side).

After the material has been excavated, bucket wheel will lift it and move the load to conveyor belt. Conveyor It then transports the material to a storage location or processing facility, so that the mining process becomes more integrated and efficient.

4. Bulldozer

Bulldozer or in Indonesian, often called a bulldozer, is a type of heavy equipment that is always relied on in the mining industry, especially in coal mining. With a wide blade on the front, Bulldozers can be used for various purposes, like digging, push, transport, to flatten material such as soil, batu, and debris.

This mining tool has the main component consisting of a knife (blade), chain or rubber wheels, hydraulic system. Bulldozers have a wide blade on the front as the main tool for pushing and leveling material. Chain wheels provide good traction on rough and slippery terrain, while rubber wheels are more flexible for open areas.

The main function of the bulldozer in the mining industry is to dig mine holes and move materials to other locations. Bulldozers can also level and compact the soil in mining areas. Besides that, This tool is also operated to move debris and residual or waste materials in mining.

With hydraulic and mechanical systems, bulldozers can work in a way down hill dozing and float dozing or high wall. Down hil dozing carried out on sloping terrain with a downward pushing movement that utilizes the force of gravity to increase speed and power.

Temporary float Dozing is a method of operating a bulldozer used to dig and push material to the edge of a slope. The bulldozer will collect material from a specific area and push it to the edge of the slope, so that the material will fall down.

Bulldozers have several types blade commonly used, that is straight blade and U-blade. Straight blade is a straight knife used for precise work of pushing and leveling the ground in open areas. Temporary U-blade designed to push, dig, and transport materials efficiently.

5. Dump Truck

Dump truck is heavy equipment needed for the process of transporting materials in the mining industry. This vehicle is specifically designed to transport heavy loads, like ore, land, coal, and other materials. With various sizes and capacities, dump truck can be adapted to the specific needs of the mine site.

This heavy vehicle has several main components in the form of a body or dump bed, chassis, and hydraulic system. With a large carrying capacity, dump truck serves to move material from the excavation site to the processing or disposal area. The large body can be tilted to lower the load quickly.

How it works dump truck starting from filling the cargo in the rear bed. Dump truck will be parked near heavy equipment such as excavators or wheel loader which will fill the tub with material. Then the operator drives dump truck to the disposal or processing site.

Upon arrival at the destination location, the operator uses hydraulic controls to lift the body so that the load can fall to the specified location. This process is carried out carefully to ensure that all materials are disposed of cleanly. Usage dump truck in mining areas greatly speeds up the process of moving material.

6. Roller

Roller is heavy equipment designed to compact and level the surface of soil or other materials. This heavy equipment is useful in compacting soil in mining areas. Roller used to compact the soil, gravel, pasir, and other surfaces, and leveling the road.

This heavy equipment is equipped with a main component consisting of a drum or compactor wheel, vibro board, and gears. Drum on roller serves to compact and level the surface. Several types roller also uses vibro tires to provide varying pressure on the ground surface, as in pneumatic tyred roller.

Main function roller in the mining industry is to compact the soil, gravel, pasir, and other surfaces, and leveling the road surface to make it more stable and even. Several types roller, like grid roller, used to destroy concrete blocks by breaking them into smaller pieces.

Here are some types roller commonly used in mining:

  • Grid Roller: Used to destroy concrete blocks with hollow surfaces.
  • Sheepsfoot Roller: works to compact the loose soil by means of the compaction process 10-20 kali.
  • Pneumatic Tyred Roller: Used to level paved areas with varying pressure.
  • Smooth Wheeled Roller: Used to level surfaces whose compaction process is highly dependent on weight, pressure, and the diameter of the iron drum.
  • Vibratory Roller: Used to compact material with small particles using vibration.

The way this heavy equipment works is by placement roller in the area to be compacted or leveled. Then the operator will run it in order roller rotating and pressing on the surface of the material. The operator can set the pressure on roller to adapt to the type of material and project needs.

7. Motor Grader

Motor grader is a heavy tool equipped with a long blade to level the surface and form a flat and stable road. In the mining industry, This heavy equipment is needed in the process of leveling and building roads at mining sites.

This mining tool has a frame or chassis from steel and a diesel engine to move the wheels and rotate blade. There is a hydraulic system that functions to control movement blade while working. Blade This tool is divided into three types, that is front blade, mid-mount blade, and rear blade with their respective functions in land leveling.

Main function motor grader in the mining industry is to level the surface of the land and form roads. This tool is often used to build and maintain mine access roads so that material transportation runs smoothly. Besides that, This tool is also often used to create drainage channels at mine sites.

How it works motor grader It really depends on the drive and hydraulic systems to level or shape the land. Once the tool is installed in the targeted area, the operator will set the height and inclination blade. Then this tool is run forward or backward using the drive wheel and rotates blade to level the surface of the land.

With its ability to level surfaces and form roads, motor grader become heavy equipment that is needed in the mining industry. Usage motor grader can help speed up the process of building roads and maintaining road access at mining sites.

8. Rubber Belt Conveyor

Heavy equipment rubber belt conveyor used for the process of transporting bulk materials such as coal, ore, pasir, and rock from mining areas to processing or storage locations. With large and repeatable carrying capacity, rubber belt conveyor enabling efficient and reliable transportation of materials.

Rubber Belt Conveyor is a transportation system that uses rubber belts (belt) to move bulk materials from one point to another. Apart from that, the conveyor belt is designed to withstand high levels of pressure and wear, This heavy equipment has another component in the form of a pulley, idler, skirt rubber, as well as motor and gearbox.

Usage rubber belt conveyor In the mining industry, it functions to transport large quantities of bulk material continuously. Conveyor These can be arranged to transport materials to various heights and distances, making processing and transportation easier in mining areas.

To run rubber belt conveyor, the operator will set the height, distance, as well as the direction of the rubber belt for material transportation. The drive motor will rotate pulley, so that the rubber belt moves forward and backward to transport material from one point to another. After arriving at the end, the material will be shed for further processing.

Rubber belt conveyor can be run in multi-direction, so that it can be directed upwards and raised or lowered gradually. With this ability function, This heavy equipment is really needed to speed up the transportation of materials in the mining industry.

9. Scraper

Heavy equipment scraper specially designed for digging, transport, and unloading materials such as soil, pasir, and gravel. With these various uses, This heavy equipment is very useful in land preparation and material processing at mining sites.

Scraper is a wheeled heavy equipment whose function is to dig and transport materials in layers. This tool has the main components consisting of: bowl or cargo storage tank, apron, tail gate or ejector, and cutting edge. Bowl located between the rear wheels which functions to dig or dredge the soil surface.

Usage scraper in the mining industry its function is to excavate soil or other materials quickly and efficiently. This tool can dig to a certain depth according to project needs. Besides that, This heavy equipment can also be used to transport and spread material evenly in a certain area.

The way this tool works is by placing the scraper in the area to be excavated. By using cutting edge, This mining tool begins to dig material from the surface of the ground inward bowl. Moment bowl Fully filled with material, The apron will close again to keep the load safe during the transportation process.

Scraper then move to the destination location carrying the load. Upon arrival at the destination location, The operator will use the hydraulic system to open tail gate or ejector so that the load can be removed easily. With various functions, scraper become a tool that supports productivity and efficiency at mining sites.

10. Crane

Crane is heavy equipment designed to lift, transfer, and unloading materials from one location to another. This heavy equipment is needed in the mining industry for lifting and moving heavy materials more quickly and safely.

This heavy equipment is designed to have several main components, starting from boom, hook or grabber, hydraulic system, and some crane have wheels or track. With hook the strong and boom that can move, crane able to lift heavy loads with high precision. Boom can be extended or shortened depending on lifting requirements.

Main function crane in the mining industry is to lift and move heavy materials such as mining equipment, coal, and ore from one location to another. Besides that, crane can also be used to install large structures such as piles or frames in mining areas.

To run crane, the operator will place them in the appropriate work area. The operator will set the length and angle boom according to the load to be lifted and the location of the transfer destination. Then the operator uses the controls to move hook towards the material to be lifted.

Furthermore, the operator will associate hook on the material you want to lift. Once the load is securely tied on hook, The operator will lift it slowly using a hydraulic system. Crane can then move horizontally to move the load to the destination location.

11. Drilling Rig

Drilling rig is a machine specifically designed for drilling holes in soil or rock. In the mining industry, This tool is relied upon to drill holes accurately and efficiently at mine sites. Drilling rig allowing access to mine deposits hidden beneath the ground surface.

This heavy equipment has several main components consisting of a drilling machine, control valve, drill pipe, and drilling fluid pump. Drilling rig equipped with a sharp and strong drilling machine to penetrate hard layers of soil or rock.

Main function drilling rig in the mining industry is to drill drill holes needed in blasting and mineral extraction. Besides that, This tool can also be used to collect geological data about the structure of soil or rocks below the surface.

In operating this tool, the operator will position drilling rig in the area to be drilled. Then the operator will adjust the drilling machine to suit the type of rock to be drilled. Bit live a sharp one will be installed at the end of the drilling pipe. Then the drilling machine will be activated to penetrate layers of soil or rock.

Then, Drilling fluid is flowed into the drill hole to clean rock debris and speed up the drilling process. During drilling, the operator will collect geological data about the structure of the soil or rock below. This data is used to predict the location of mining deposits and understand the geological conditions in the area.

12. Underground Rock Drill Vehicle

Underground rock drill vehicle is heavy equipment specifically designed for drilling in underground mining areas. This tool is equipped with a powerful and efficient drilling system to operate in confined spaces and difficult-to-reach terrain. The use of this tool is very important in the process of mineral extraction and excavation in heavy areas.

This mining equipment consists of several main components in the form of a drilling machine (drill rig), hydraulic system, drill pipe, and wheels or track. This machine is equipped with drill bits designed to penetrate various types of rock. This tool allows drilling holes for blasting, geological exploration, and extreme underground excavation.

Function underground rock drill vehicle in mining is to drill holes at a certain depth required for blasting and mineral extraction. Besides that, This tool can also be used to collect geological data regarding soil or rock structures needed in planning mining operations.

To operate this mining equipment, the operator will place it in the targeted drilling area. The operator will adjust the drilling machine according to the type of rock to be drilled and the depth required. By activating the hydraulic system, The drill bit will start to rotate and penetrate the rock layer.

In this process, Drilling fluid is flowed through the drilling pipe to clean the remaining material produced during drilling. Geological data can be collected through sensors or other measurement devices. After reaching the desired depth, the operator will stop drilling and check the results.

13. Large Dozer

Large dozer is a type of large bulldozer equipped with a high-powered engine and blade big on the front. This tool is designed to handle heavy work in difficult terrain, like digging the ground, land arrangement, and moving materials in large quantities.

Large dozer much needed in the mining industry, especially in the process of excavating and moving materials. With high thrust, large dozer serves as the main tool for leveling the land, dig, and transporting heavy materials at the mine site.

This heavy equipment consists of several main components, starting from blade, chain wheel, hydraulic system, and machines as the main source of energy. Blade on the front it can be: blade straight or U-blade, depending on the type of work performed. The use of chain wheels allows this mining tool to move on rough and uneven terrain.

Function large dozer in mining is to dig up soil and materials to open new land for mining. Besides that, This heavy equipment can also move soil from the excavation area to a dump or landfill.

How it works large dozer This is done by adjusting the position and angle blade according to the type of work to be carried out. Then the operator moves the tool and uses blade to dig or push material. After the material is lifted, The operator moves this tool to the destination location and lowers it blade to dump the load.

14. Dragline

Dragline is a heavy tool used to dig, load, and moving materials such as soil, pasir, gravel, and coal. With strong power and large carrying capacity, This tool is often used in large projects such as coal and oil sand mining.

Dragline has the main components consisting of boom, bucket, cable system, and others. This heavy equipment uses boom Length varies depending on type dragline and the depth of excavation required. Component bucket hung on boom and can be operated vertically and horizontally.

In the mining industry, dragline has the main function of excavating material from the earth's surface with high efficiency. This tool can reach significant depths, making it suitable for mining projects in hard-to-reach areas. Dragline can also be used to move materials to transport trucks or conveyor belt. 

To operate dragline, This tool must be placed in strategic locations based on the depth of the excavation and the distance to transport the material. The digging process begins with movement bucket into the ground or material using a cable system.

After bucket fully charged, the operator will lift it from the ground by pulling hoist cable. At the same time, drag cable will be pulled to move bucket to the transport position. So dragline will swing bucket to move materials to another location, like a truck or conveyor belt

15. Manhauler

Manhauler is a heavy vehicle used to transport workers at mining sites. These heavy vehicles play an important role in ensuring employee mobility and operational efficiency in mining. Manhauler designed to provide comfort and safety for users or passengers.

As a heavy vehicle, manhauler own chassis which is designed to provide stability and strength when operating in rough terrain. These vehicles are usually equipped with additional safety features, like a seat belt, roll-over protection structure (ROPS), and side protectors to protect passengers in emergency situations.

Main function manhauler in the mining industry is to transport employees from office or residential areas to work locations in mines. With a qualified safety system, usage manhauler can reduce the risk of accidents in dangerous work environments.

There are several types of heavy vehicles manhauler commonly used, as follows:

  • Manhauler 4 wheels×4: This vehicle is designed with a 4 drive system×4 to provide better traction on rough terrain, such as rocky or muddy ground. This vehicle can move stably and safely in difficult conditions.
  • Manhauler wheel 6×4: Similar to manhauler 4 wheels×4, but with the addition of two wheels on the back. This vehicle has a larger carrying capacity and better stability when transporting large numbers of passengers.
  • Bus based manhauler: A number of manhauler designed with a body that resembles a bus equipped with seats for passengers. These vehicles enable the transportation of large numbers of employees efficiently and comfortably.
  • Specialist manhauler: A number of manhauler designed to meet specific needs with modifications to the chassis and suspension. For example, for transportation in underground mining areas or very steep terrain.

Operation manhauler actually like transportation vehicles in general, but it is carried out in mining areas. Considering that the terrain traversed is very challenging, the driver must ensure that all components are functioning properly, including the brake system, machine, and safety features.

Look for quality and safe mining equipment rental?

Each type of heavy mining equipment has its own way of working and function. The use of mining equipment must be adjusted to the needs in the field so that each job can run efficiently. Besides that, Make sure you use heavy equipment that is proper and guaranteed safe.

For those of you who are looking for heavy equipment to support mining activities, PT Perkasa Sarana Utama (PSU) is here to answer these needs. With experience 20 year, We specialize in renting various types of quality mining equipment and are equipped with legal documents such as SIO and SILO to ensure the smooth running of the work.

We also guarantee that all equipment is in prime condition because it always carries out routine maintenance. Besides that, We also have a team of mechanics who are ready to provide support 24 hour every day. We also have a team of professional operators who are certified and experienced in various types of projects.

Don't hesitate to use our mining equipment to ensure the smooth running of your mining activities. Please ask or consult first with our team at CS Center 0811358378 or email rent@psualat Berat.com.

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